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 Rois arméniens (en anglais)

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MessageSujet: Rois arméniens (en anglais)   Rois arméniens (en anglais) EmptyMar 27 Déc - 0:46

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Tiridates I of Armenia ruled c. 56–59
Tiridates II of Armenia ruled c. 62–72

Tiridates III was a King of Armenia (286-344), also known as Tiridates the Great. He is remembered for being a warrior king with incredible physical power. Tiridates was an ally of Rome, he waged many long and successful wars against Persia, regaining control over much of the lost territories, such as parts of Mesopotamia and Atrpatakan. In the beginning of his reign, Tiridates was a fierce persecutor of Christians. He arrested and imprisoned St. Gregory the Illuminator; later he ordered the killing of the Christian virgin nuns Gayane and Hripsime. By 300, Tiridates turned from a persecutor to the protector of the Christians. He released St. Gregory who then baptized him. In 301, Tiridates proclaimed Christianity as the sole religion in Armenia, making the country the first Christian State in the world.

King Trdat (Trdat III or Trdat IV depending on the source) was the first Christian king of Armenia.

According to legend, he at first persecuted Christians. One family was completely wiped out except for a child, Gregory (St. Gregory the Illuminator or Krikor Loosavorich). Gregory was captured by Trdat, who imprisoned him at Khor Virap for 13 years. Trdat's Christian sister urged Trdat to release him. In 301 Gregory converted Trdat to Christinaity, and the mass conversion of Armenia followed. As a result, Armenians were the first people to adopt Christianity as their official religion.

His name is also given as Tiridates.
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MessageSujet: Re: Rois arméniens (en anglais)   Rois arméniens (en anglais) EmptyMar 27 Déc - 0:49

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Haik (Հայկ, also transliterated as Hayk or Haig) is the legendary patriarch and establisher of the first Armenian nation. His story is told in an epic, taken down from oral tradition by Moses of Khorene in the Fifth Century AD. In the epic, Haik is a chieftain of the Armens, an Armenian tribe, and leads them against the invading forces of Bel of Babylon. On August 11, 2492 BC, in a battle at Hayoc Dzor near Lake Van, Haik kills Bel, and calls on his kinsmen to unite into a single nation. He establishes the castle of Haykaberd at the battle site and the town of Haikashen in the Armenian province of Taron (modern-day Turkey). Haik was also the founder of the Haykazuni dynasty. Some other Armenian princely houses - Khorkhoruni, Bznuni, Syuni, Vahevuni, Manavazian, Arran etc. - trace their genealogy back to Haik.

Some historians think Haik was a real Armenic leader of the third millennium BC; others believe he is a purely mythical figure.

Additionally, it is possible that the name Haik is a precursor to the word for "Armenian" in the Armenian language ("Hye").

Etymology

There are several theories regarding the origin of the name Haik. One of them suggests that Haik is derived from the ancient proto-Armenian nation of Hayasa mentioned in Hittite inscriptions. Others believe that the name Haik was the Armenian form of the Urartian supreme god Khaldi.
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MessageSujet: Re: Rois arméniens (en anglais)   Rois arméniens (en anglais) EmptyMar 27 Déc - 0:51

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Vahagn, was Armenia's national god. Some time in his existence, he formed a "triad" with Aramazd and Anahit. When Zoroastrian ideas were pervading Armenia, superseding the gods of the country, there was so much vitality in Vahagn's worship that Mithra himself could not obtain a firm foothold in that land, in the face of the popularity of his native rival.

Historian Khorenatsi's report of an ancient song gives a clue to his nature and origin:

In travail were heaven and earth,
In travail, too, the purple sea!
The travail held in the sea the small red reed.
Through the hollow of the stalk came forth smoke,
Through the hollow of the stalk came forth flame,
And out of the flame a youth ran!
Fiery hair had he,
Ay, too, he had flaming beard,
And his eyes, they were as suns!
Other parts of the song, now lost, said that Vahagn fought and conquered dragons, hence his title Vishabakagh, "dragon reaper." He was invoked as a god of courage, later identified with Herakles. He was also a sun-god, rival of Baal-shamin and Mihr.

The Vahagnian song was sung to the accompaniment of the lyre by the bards of Goghten (modern Akulis), long after the conversion of Armenia.

The stalk or reed, key to the situation, is an important word in Indo-European mythology, in connection with fire in its three forms.

The name, originally Verethragna, the god of victory in Avesta, turned into Varhagn (the Zendic th becoming h in Arsacid Pehlevi), later on to take the form of Vahagn.

Vahagn was identified with the Greek Heracles after the latter's image was brought into Armenia by Tigran the Great. The priests of Vahévahian temple, who claimed Vahagn as their own ancestor, placed the statue of the Greek hero in their sanctuary. All the gods, according to the Euhemerian belief, had been living men; Vahagn likewise, was introduced within the ranks of the Armenian kings, as the son of Erouand (6th century B.C.), together with his brothers — Bab and Tiran. In the Armenian translation of the Bible, Heracles worshipped at Tyr, is named Vahagn.


Dernière édition par le Mar 27 Déc - 0:58, édité 1 fois
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MessageSujet: Re: Rois arméniens (en anglais)   Rois arméniens (en anglais) EmptyMar 27 Déc - 0:56

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Mirian III (3rd century AD), Saint King Mirian was the king of Kartli (Iberia) in the Eastern Georgia. In 317 he became the first Christian monarch of Georgia and established Christianity as the official state religion.

Rois arméniens (en anglais) 300px-Caucasus03

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Caucasian Albania (or Aghbania) was an ancient empire that covered what is now southern Dagestan and most of today's Azerbaijan of the Caucasus. For much of its history, the Azerbaijani are the descendants of Caucasian Albania.

Aran was a legendary ancestor and the eponym of the Albanians (Aghvan). Caucasian Albanians were one of the Ibero-Caucasian peoples, the ancient and indigenous population of modern southern Dagestan and Azerbaijan. The Mannaeans had one of the earliest states recorded as being established in the area as far as the Kura from ca. 800 BC, and they were rivals of Urartu and Assyria, but later fell under the rule of Urartu until their destruction and eventual assimilation by the Medes under Cyaxares in 616 BC. In ancient times, they were heavily mixed with the Persian people who settled in the area during the Achaemenid, Parthian and Sassanid periods; and beginning with Alexander's conquests, the region south of the Kura became known as Media Atropatene (after Atropates, one of his generals).

Ancient tribes of the Caucasian Albania were:Abaris or Avars, Savir or Sabirs, Hers, Gargars, Gels, Caspians, Uties, Saks, and Sodes, who along with other tribes, constituted the Albanian tribal union. According to Strabo (1st C), the number of the Albanian tribes reached 26.

The kingdom of Caucasian Albania (Aghbania, Aghvania, Aghvank ) was founded in the late 4th - early 3rd century BC. Caucasian Albania was one of the first countries where Christianity was adopted from the 4th century, when the Albanian Church was formed.

In the 7th century AD, the kingdom was abolished by the Arabs and, like all Islamic conquests at the time, assimilated into the Caliphate. From the 8th century, Caucasian Albania existed as the principalities of Aranshahs and Khachin, along with various Iranian and Arabic principalities: the Principality of Shedadians, the Principality of Shirvan, the Principality of Derbent, etc.

As a result of the expansion of Seljuks (Turks) into the territory of modern Azerbaijan in the 11th century, the indigenous Albanian population was assimilated. Albanians played a significant role in the ethnogenesis of today's Azeris.
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